HOW TO SET PERSONAL BUDGETING

 

I have finished read a book about budgeting, and I got some insights from it.
In this time i'm gonna share about the importance things that I got to manage our financial especially personal financial an intended to build wealth in the future as long as we holding tight in our principles.
I'm gonna talk about budget plan monthly, there are four types of it, but for note, this budget plan truly could be apply for who have the same amount of net income every month or you guys who have stable income every month such as employe, but don't worry for you freelancer, entrepreneur or everyone who have not stable income or fluctuative amount it still could be applied, with note you have make a little effort to calculating your benchmark to set up this budget.

First time you have to summarize your income in several months and after you get the amount of it, it could be the Benchmark for you to set your budget plan or on the other way you could make your lowest income to be the Benchmark for your budget plan, what the intention of use "the lowest income"? the intenion is to preventing deficit in your budget monthly. but if you use the lowest income to be the Benchmark, if suddenly your income bigger than the benchmark,for me wisely you can allocateing it to saving pos or emergency fund.

Basic Budget Equation

1) 50-30-20 BudgetT
The first type of budget plan, I guess many people probably applying this budget in their personal finance, therefore it is easiest to use.
The rules in this type is your 50% of income spend for your necessarry and needs. For example if you a single, the stuffs in this pos is like eat, groceries, transport, internet, pay a house rent, or for you guys was still live on your parents' house, you have to give some money to them. actually in this pos the stuffs that definitely every month you buy or you spend for, if there are differences of amount you can reconciliate it appropriate with your circumstances.
30% of your budget is spended to your self reward, wants or the stuffs that you don't buy it every month. it depending to your necessities or the other way is impulsing buying that you can handle it.
20% of your budget is allocating to your saving account (it would be 10% to your emergency fund and half of it allocating to your future plan pos)

2) 80-20 Budget
There are not many differences from type one, basically it is same. The differences is actually in the priority, if in type one your priority in your needs, but in this type your priority is your saving.
Before you set the budget the first thing you have to send amount of money to your saving pos (in this type is 20%) if you had secure your money, after that you calculate the 80% from your budget to your needs, wants and other stuffs. In here doesn't mention the detail of the allocation but depends on your priority apporiate with your circumstances. the thing that concerns in this type is we have to prioritize to saving first

3) Zero Sum Budgeting
Before you get income, you already have plan for you financial. commonly it used for company
it prevail as budgeting method which all of expenses for new period is calculated based on actual expenses that will be spent. not in the diferensial basis with this method, every activity is needed to justification, explaining the revenue that will be proceeded every month for company. all expenses have to be corrected so that complete the term to be replaces in the budgeting

4) Debt Diet Budget
In the fourth type, there are so many detail each of the alocation, for me this type is suite for you who have a family, because the expense is more complicated
The rules are:
- 35% for housing (include everything to do with your house, rent, mortgage to utilities, insurance, repairs)
- 15% for transportation if you have (including car paymnets, gas, parking, oil changes)
- 25% for other living expenses (including Food, clothing, vacations, electronic)
- 10% for saving
- 15% for debt payment (including student loan, credit card debt, personal loan).

yaa that are the four types of budgeting, I hopes it could be your preference to set your personal budgeting and build wealth in the future
Stay Happy and Healthy

 BAGAIMANA MENGATUR KEUANGAN PRIBADI (PERSONAL BUDGETING)

 

Aku baru aja nih selesai membaca buku mengenai Budgeting, (Judul : BUDGETING 101 author: Michelle Cagan, CPA) Menurut aku buku ini bagus bgt dan bahasanya mudah dipahami. nah setelah aku baca buku ini aku dapat beberapa Insights baru mengenai Budgeting. Kali ini aku mau sharing ke kalian melalui blog ini semoga bermanfaat ya...

Sebenernya banyak yang dibahas di buku ini Tapi yang akan aku bahas disini adalah hal yang paling umum aja yang bisa teman-teman terapkan di keuangan pribadi kalian. Oh iya untuk catatan ya disini budget plan ini untuk kalian yag punya pendapatan tetap setiap bulannya, karna kalo misalkan kalian punya usaha atau freelancer mungkin akan berbeda lagi plannya.

Tetapi bisa aja kalau temen-temen yang pendapatannya fluktuatif untuk terapin ini, dengan cara lihat financial history kalian misal 3, 6 atau 12 bulan ke belakang karna kan pendapatan kalian tiap bulan berbeda.

Cara gampangnya adalah lihat rata-rata pendapatan kalian dalam rentang waktu tertentu yang aku bilang tadi nah rata-rata itu bisa jadi acuan pendapatan kalian tiap bulan atau cara yang kedua, bisa pake acuan pendapatan terendah kalian selama kurun waktu tertentu, karna hal ini sebagai tindakan preventif supaya ngga overbudgeting. ya mungkin kalo misalkan pendapatan kalian melebihi acuan tadi, terserah kalian, kalian mau alokasikan kemana, yaa lebih bagus sih dimasukan ke pos dana darurat atau
ke pos tabungan kalian daripada beli hal-hal yang ngga kalian perlukan. ohiya yg perlu diingat disini adalah net income ya (Pendapatan - Pajak).

Basic Budget Equation

1) 50-30-20 Budget
Nah Tipe budget plan yang pertama ini kayanya yang mungkin banyak orang terapkan ya di finansial mereka, sekali lagi menurut aku ya karna aku juga belum punya data pastinya tapi bagi aku ini yang paling ideal dan mudah untuk diterapkan, rulesnya adalah:
50% untuk keperluan penting dan pasti setiap bulannya (Needs) Misalnya kalo kalian masih single nih hal-hal yang masuk disini adalah biaya makan, groceries, transport, Internet, bayar kosan kalo yg misalkan nge-kos atau kasih orang tua kalo yang masih tinggal di rumah orang tua. dan kebutuhan lainnya yang udh pasti tiap bulan dikeluarkan dan dengan jumlah yang pasti atau sama, ya mungkin beberapa terjadi perbedaan atau perubahan angka setiap bulannya tergantung keadaan teman-teman juga.

30% untuk keinginan udh pasti disini adalah hal- hal yang ngga pasti temen-temen beli setiap bulannya dan pasti angka-nya pun bisa berbeda, tapi yang pasti kalo bisa karna mengikuti rules jangan sampai teman-teman sampe overspending di pos ini, karna bisa-bisa pos saving temen-temen yang bisa terkorbankan untuk bisa cover keinginan kita, sekali lagi kalo bisa jangan melebihi budget ya hhe

20% untuk ditabung, nah di pos tabungan ini ya bisa dibagi sesuai kebutuhan kalian bisa 10% nya dana darurat dan 10% nya buat rencana kalian ke depan mungkin ingin membeli rumah, mobil atau bahkan biaya pernikahan buat yg belum menikah dsb pokonya pos tabungan untuk future plan kalian.

2) 80-20 Budget
Nah kalo budget plan yang kedua ini sebenernya hampir sama dengan tipe pertama tadi perbedaannya adalah pertama kali harus diprioritaskan untuk nabung 20% baru 80% nya untuk semua keperluan dan keinginan kita, hanya berbeda di prioritas saja, jadi kalo di tipe ini hal yang pertama dilakukan ya langsung pindahin dana kita 20% ke pos tabungan kita setelah pos tabungan sudah aman, baru kita kalkulasi 80% dana itu untuk keperluan, kebutuhan dan keinginan kita, tentunya semua porsi sesuai keadaan kita ya pastinya tiap orang beda dalam mengalokasikan anggarannya. Nah 80% disini bebas kalian bagi-bagi misal budget keperluan 40% budget keinginan 40% atau bisa porsinya lebih besar keperluan atau keinginan. Pokoknya disini presentasenya berdasarkan kebutuhan hidup temen-temen karna kan kalo yg tipe yg pertama tadi memang harus 30%-50% nah enaknya disini kalian bisa sedikit improve lagi.

3) Zero-zum Budget
Jadi misal sebelum kita terima uang, kita udh itung, gaji kita akan dialokasikan kemana saja. sudah dibuat pos-pos yang memang uang budget itu harus habis di alokasikan ke masing-masing pos anggaran
jadi pas kita terima pendapatan kita , itu pasti bakal nol saldonya karena udh kita alokasikan ke rekening lain jadi udh save dan kemungkinan overbudget lebih sedikit tipe ini biasanya dipake oleh perusahaan berlaku sebagai metode penganggaran di mana semua biaya untuk periode baru dihitung berdasarkan biaya aktual yang akan dikeluarkan dan bukan pada basis diferensial yang melibatkan hanya mengubah biaya yang dikeluarkan dengan mempertimbangkan perubahan kegiatan operasional.
Dengan metode ini, setiap aktivitas perlu dijustifikasi, menjelaskan pendapatan yang akan dihasilkan setiap biaya bagi perusahaan. Semua biaya harus dibenarkan agar memenuhi syarat untuk ditempatkan dalam anggaran.

4) Debt diet budget
Kalo tipe yang ini lebih terinci lagi pos-pos alokasi anggarannya, menurutku sih kalo tipe ini lebih cocok bagi yang sudah berkeluarga, karna pengeluaran juga semakin kompleks terlihat dari alokasi anggarannya lebih terinci dan terstruktur:
- 35% untuk keperluan rumah (termasuk semua kebutuhan rumah, sewa, pemeliharaan, asuransi, perbaikan)
- 15% untuk kendaraan jika kalian punya, termasuk cicilan kalo yg masih nyicil, bensin, biaya parkir, ganti oli, service)
- 25% untuk kebutuhan hidup kaya makan, baju, jalan-jalan, elektronik dll
- 10% untuk ditabung
- 15% untuk bayar hutang seperti biaya sekolah, bayar kartu kredit, bayar utang pribadi bisa pinjam dari orang atau dari bank.

Nah sekian pembahasanku sedikit mengenai budgeting semoga temen-temen bisa lebih bijak lagi menggunakan uangnya yaa
Stay Healthy and Wealthy

MY RECIPE TO MAKE CORN DOG
RESEP MEMBUAT CORN DOG

English Version
Corn dog is one of the snacks that i knew it comes from south korea, but whenener it comes from, for me i absolutely like this snack because the texture is so crunchy with melted mozarella and soft and tender from the sausage, its perfect combination

By the way this is my first time making it, before i decided to make this snack i begin to seek preference menu on the google, cookpad, youtube and other platforms. After i got the recipe that make sense for me, i made first trial with this recipe that i got from youtube

The Ingredients:

- 200 grams of flour
- 100ml warm water
- 1 table spoon of yeast
- 2 table spoon of sugar
- 1/4 table spoon of salt
- Sausage
- Bread crumbs for coating the dough
- Mayonaisse
- Tomato Ketchup

The step :

1. Pour the instant yeast into warm water stir it until mixed well
2. On the other bowl pour the flour, sugar and salt and then pour the liquid ingredient into the dry ingredient
3. After it mixed well, cover the bowl until there are no airs entering the bowl, because it is crucial for fermentation well
4. Wait until approximately 30-40 minutes, or after the dough shaped twice. and the dough ready to use.
5. Skew sausage into the skewer and then coating with that dough after that bolstering in the piles of breadcrumbs
6. After it coating so well and then fried in the deep frying until all of the surface submerged with oil
7. Make sure that the fire dont be so hight heat because it could be the dough isn't cooked well
8. If the corndog had golden brownie it means it cooked well
9. Sowing the corndog with mayonnaise, tomato ketchup, sauce, or chesse sauce or whatever you like

Unfortunately after i made with above recipe, it is fail for me, because the dough is too heavy not airy, so that the corn dog doesn't cooked well and then i improve my recipe and i replace the water into 200ml so it can be equal with the flour, and yeah its success, the step is still same.

yeaaa just it from me this time, i hope it could be the preference of corn dog's recipe for you all whose read my blog, see you in the next recipe :)

Indonesian Version
Yeahh ini adalah first time aku buat corndog, salah satu snakcs favorit akuu, asli aku selalu beli ini sih, gatau ya enak aja gitu buat cemilan hehe sebelum aku buat ini, exactly aku search2 dulu lahya resepnya mulai dari goole, cookpad, youtube dll nah aku nemu nih resep yang kira2 make sense akan berhasil keliatan dari video youtubenya yaa. okeee akhirnya aku ngikutin resep dia nih:

Bahan-bahan

- 200gr Tepung terigu protein tinggi
- 100ml air hangat
- 1 sendok teh ragi instan
- 2 sendok teh gula
- 1/4 sendok teh garam
- Sosis untuk isian
- Tepung roti
- Mayones
- Saus tomat

Cara membuat:

1. Campur ragi dan air hangat, aduk sampai rata
2. Ditempat terpisah campur terigu, gula dan garam, aduk rata
3. Campur bahan basah dan bahan kering sampe menyatu dengan baik, lalu tutup dengan kain atau apapun jangan sampe ada udara masuk, karna ini akan mempengaruhi proses fermentasi
4. Tunggu kira-kira 30-40 menit sampe adonan mengembang dua kali lipat dan kalo udh ngembang siap digunakan dehh
5. Tusuk sosis pake sumpit, setelah itu lumuri sosis dengan adonan terigu tadi trus lanjut lumurin dengan tepung roti sampe rata, biar hasilnya bagus
6. Goreng sampe semua corndognya tercelup ke minyak, api untuk menggoreng jangan panas2 biar rotinya matang sempurna
7. Kalo udh kecoklatan dan mateng, sajikan dengan saus dan mayonaise atau apapun sesuka man teman yaa

Tapii.. setelah aku buat dengan resep ini, gagal man teman, karena dough nya itu terlalu dense jadi kaya bantat gitu karna mungkin kebanyakan tepung, jadi aku inisiatif aja untuk nambahin airnya (jadi 200ml) supaya teksturnya lebih airy, dan yeaah percobaan kedua berhasilll

Cukup sekian resep real yang aku coba sendiri yang bisa aku share, semoga bermanfaat dan bisa jadi preferensi menu corn dog buat kalian yang baca blog aku. thank you:)

 HOW I CAN DEALING WITH ASTHMA DISEASE

Firstly, i'm just wanna share my experience of how can i dealing with asthma disease.

First time i recognize that i'm suffer from asthma disease is when i was in the elementary school, approximately i'm 8-9 years old. As i know i got this ill isn't because my dirty lifestyle but it inherited from my father.
In that time if my disease is turning on is because i'm in the wrong path that i'm eat non-healthy food for example like instant noodle, chips, fried foods, ice beverage, I feel tired, i overwhelmed about my activities that i can't handle, i'm in the cold temperature etc. If those things happened automatically i feel like short breathing, like asthma relapse. 

I go through a long period of this worse circumstance in 2-3 years, and one day i thought i have to go specialize doctor to consulting my disease, And surpisingly the doctor say that my disease never heal!. OMG i was so shocked! In my mind, it means that i have to deal with this disease for the rest of my life? I have to eat the medicine forever?

Oh noo, i have to search another way to dealing this!
Doctor just suggest me, to avoiding the things that caused my illness turn on just that!
From that i guess, what can i do? And then i searching for this disease, everything about that! from that i think nothing is impossible if we try to make it happened, and i began to searching what is asthma desease? what caused it? how to solve if it came to us? and i decided to buy some books about asthma, and i have preference from those books and i applied in my life

Definitely we have to avoiding the alergen, we have to eat healthy food, do more exercise especially swimming to train our breathing cycle, don't doing heavy activities, don't in the area that has cold temperature and many more. From those books i suggested to don't eat artifcial flavoured, coloured food especially yellow: tartrazine, fried food/ contains too much oil, or foods can caused cough or sore throat becuase those stuff can triggered narrow breathing

It's very heavy to doing that stuffs with do and dont's, moreover i'm still child sometimes i envy to see my friends feel free to buy "dirty snacks" Approximately 3-5 years i had been through this "therapy" and as long as my astma never ail again, exactly from my hard effort to discipline with myself and until now that "healthy lifestyle" is ingrained in my self, there are no useless effort if all is doing with good intention and consistency to reach the goals

SUATU MALAM DI KEDAI KOPI

Dongeng pun dimulai,

Saking khusyuknya aku memperhatikan, hingga daun sekitar pun mungkin tertawa bagaimana eskpresi wajahku pada saat itu.

Benar-benar tidak ingin terlewat sedetik pun macam menonton film yang kelanjutannya diputar seminggu kemudian.

Sepenggal demi sepenggal rentetan kisah diceritakannya dengan sangat apik.

sampai-sampai tak terasa malam pun mulai mengusik diiringi suasana hujan yang menemani kami.

Caranya menyampaikan, bak ibu yang sedang mendongengkan anaknya agar segera tertidur dan berharap malam ini mimpi indah disepanjang tidurnya.

 

 Tatapan teduhnya, lembut suaranya, tutur katanya, nada bicaranya yang seolah menarik perhatianku seperti magnet yang bertemu pasangannya.

Akhh.. Apa ini? Kisah klasik yang mungkin kebanyakan orang diluar sana mengalaminya. Begitujuga aku.

Rasa empati pun tak terelakkan aku paham betul bagaimana rasanya, seperti macan yang mencabik mangsanya.

Tapi, apa daya tak kuasa aku menahan sang waktu yang terus berjalan.

Pintaku hanya satu, Tuhan tolong hentikan waktu sementara, aku masih ingin bersamanya.

Aku tidak berharap suatu saat bertemu dengannya kembali

Please tuhan kasih kesempatan malam ini lebih panjang untukku

Kulalui malam itu dengan kegusaran yang mencekik, mencerna apa yang baru saja terjadi, siapa ia? mengapa begitu menghentakkan hatiku, pikiranku?

tugas softskill bhs. inggris 2

Nama : Ika Rahmawati

NPM : 15214132

Kelas : 1EA 19

Tugas softskill Bhs. Inggris 2

UNIT 5

5A (page 47)

A.    Read for spesific information

1.      This article explain about the symbols of power. 

      There are an object, directions, colours, buildings, a shape, and animals. 

      That things were people can see everywhere and everytime.

2.      I knew: Direction (left and right) this symbolism comes from 

      the French Revolution, where liberal members of parliament sat to 

      the left of the president and conversation sat to the right. 

      Colours, i think all peopleknew what colour is. Buildings. 

      A shape(round, square, triangle, etc.). Animals.

      I didn’t knew: The ballot box has perhaps become one of 

      the great symbols of democracy.

3.      1) false 2)false 3)true 4)true 5)false 6)true

4.      1)Direction 2)Peacekeeping 3)Buildings

B.     Vocabulary politics

5.      Yes, for example: political parties, parliament, 

      liberal, socialism, comunism.

6.      In my country, the head of state is the President. 

    We don’t have a king or queen—our country’s 

    a President the people vote to elect the members of 

    parliament—it’s a we have voting  every five years. 

    There are two man parties—the party is more lept wing and 

    government buildings are in the capital. 

    My country is a member ofthe ASEAN. Our flag has three colours to the sea, 

    the land and the sky. Our logo animal is eagle.

C.     Listen for key information

D.    Grammar theor no article in names of institutions

12. Individual People: Princess Diana, President Kennedy, Queen Elizabeth, King Richard III

Positions: the emperor of Japan, the US President, Australian Prime minister, head of state

Organizations: the European Union, the united nation, liberal party, Irish government

13. 1) what’s the name of of the presidentof the USA? 

      2) who’s the leader of Conversation Party? 

      3) where’s the headquarters of the united kingdom?

      4) is Prince William from the united kingdom? 

      5) is the Czech Republic in the european union? 

      6) Did the President Mandela meet the President of Tanzania?

5B (page 49)

A.    Vocabulary permission words

      1.      No, i don’t have a pet now or in the past. Because, i don’t like animal.

      2.      (READING)

      3.       

      4.      1) smoking isn’t allowed  

            2) parking is permitted 

            3) mobile phones aren’t forbidden

B.     Read and interpret

     5.      In sun Prairie, Wincosin, dogs and cats aren’t allowed in cemeteries, 

          don’t take a dog in a liftin Californian town. 

          We musn’t travel with an animal on the roof of your car. 

          We musn’t steal animals and sell them. 

          In Alaska its illegal to take a pet into a barber’s.

6.      “if your pet suddenly dies, don’t forget—

    you can’t leave a ded animal on anybody else’s property.

    “about hunting animals too, while you’re in virginia, don’t forget that hunting 

    isn’t allowed on Sunday—except for racoons. 

    You xan kill a racoon anytime before 2 pm.

    In Arizona, hunting camels is forbidden and you must never shoot a fish.”

7.      X: why do you think dog can’t take into school?

      Y: because, dog can make noisy that disturbing the students.

C.     Grammars modals and obligation

8.      “If you have skunk, you musn’t take it into Tennessee”

      “You can’t leave a dead animal on anybody else’s property in Conyers, Georgia”

      “In Arizona, hunting camels is forbidden and you must never shoot a fish in wyoming”

      “You can walk your dog in maine”

      “If you go for a haircut in Alaska , you’ll have to leave your dog outside”

9.      1) False, you haven’t got a choice—you have toleave your dog outside

      2) True

      3) False, not musn’t but you can walks your dogin waterboro

      4) True

10.  To say it’s allowed: can, to say it’s forbidden: 

      can’t, to say it’s an obligation: must, to say it’s not an obligation: may.

11.  1)  must  2) musn’t  3) have to  4) must  

      5) can  6) don’t have to  7) can

5C (page 51)

A.    Vocabulary crime verbs

1.      I usually read the newspaper in the morning.

      The type of stories i read is the news of my country.

2.      1) robbed  2) attacked  3) stealed  4) stealed  5) murdered  

      6) shooted  7)killed  8) kidnaped  9) hijacked  10) arrested

3.      The tree didn’t find the earrings. The stolen earrings were found next to the tree.

B.     Read for detail

4.      News about criminal

5.      Juan Geraldo’s life since he mad his first cow can, he feel safe.

      No one can robbed him anymore.

6.      1) False, he drove himself to hospital.

      2) True

      3) True

      4) True

      5) True

      6) False, Geraldo is keen to develop his his idea and is already 

      thinking of making a zebra cap or a lion cap.

C.     Pronounciation compound nouns

D.    Grammar active or passive?

  9. 1) Juan   2) to put the focus on Juan, not the robbers.

10. 1) has been stolen  2) was robbed  3) have been arrested  

      4) took  5) has been hijacked  6) was killed

11. The door was broken. The window was left open.

5D (page 53)

A.    Read and understand reasons

1.      Sumpah Pemuda’s Day 28 October 1928

2.      I think the mystery was in picture 5

3.      1) King Edward IV of England had two sons—Edward and Richard. 

     The boy’s uncle, also called Richard, was asked to look after them 

     and govern the country until Edward was old enough to be king.

2)  Uncle Richard put the princes in the tower of London to “protect” them, 

     and they were never seen again. They simply dissappeared. 

     Meanwhile, their uncle took power and become King Richard IV of England.

3) Because, people said that Richard had murdered the boys.

4) Henry returned to England and the rebels joined him on battle of bosworth field. 

    King Richard was killed and Henry become King Henry VII of England.

5) Because, Richard had killed them. He had murdered the boys on Richard’s orders.

6) Because, King Henry was quite clear. Richard had killed them. 

    In 1502 Richard’s friend , Sir James Tyrell confessed.

7) I think the bones of two children were found under the stairs 

    of the cruch in the tower of London.

8) Because, Richard was an evil monster, a murdered with a deformed body. 

    People thought that a deformed body was a sign of an evil mind.

A.    Grammar past perfect

8. 1) A  2) B

9. 1) Henry took power  2) The Princes died

10. (-) he hadn’t kill them  (?) had he killed them?

11. 1) Richard had murdered the boys

      2) Richard had killed them

      3) He had murdered the boys on Richard’s order

      4) Although he didn’t say what had happened to their bodies

      5) Richard IV had ordered Sir James to kill the prince

      6) Henry had spent some time in France.

12. 1) took, killed

      2) killed, took

      3) put, died

      4) died, put

      5) began, spent

      6) examined, changed

 5E (page 54)

A.    Read and identify narrative strategies

1.      To find information, to find entertain, to understand about something

2.      C. To entertain the reader

3.      Tom left his keys on his desk. Jo worked late. 

      Jo heard breaking glass. Jo hid. Jo thought it was a burglar. 

      Jo’s mobile rang. Tom asked , ‘Is that you, Jo?’

4.      This story not make the reader suspicious. That ending is soo fast. 

      No climax in this story.

5.      When i heard the breaking glass, i knew immediately what was happening.

      I quckly found a dark corner and hid. there was a burglar in the buliding 

     and i was hiding behinf the phtocopier.

     I’d been working late and i was the last person in the office. 

    Then my phone rang and i heard the burglar stop he was listening. 

    Then he started walking towardsthe photocopier! 

    Then he called my name “Is that you, Jo?” he asked. It was Tom, my boss. 

    He’d left his keys on his desk and he couldn’t get into his house.

B.     Use narrative tenses to order the story

6.      B-A-C

7.      Past tense, past continous, past perfect

8.      1) study math    have dinner

          I studied math and then i had dinner

          I studied math after i’d had dinner

          I studied math while i was having dinner

      2) listen to the radio   make lunch

          I listened to the radio and then i made lunch

          I listened to the radio after i;d made lunch

          I listened to the radio while i was making lunch

       3) read the newspaper    travel to work

          I read the newspaper and then i traveled to work

          I read the newspaper after i’d traveled to work

          I read the newspaper while i was travelling to work